object_
=======

.. cpp:class:: numpy::object_

   numpy C++ class.

Example
-------

.. code-block:: cpp

   #include <numpy/np_ndarray.h>
   using namespace numpy;

   // Use object_
   object_ obj;
   // ... operations ...

Constructors
------------

.. list-table::
   :widths: 55 25 20
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``object\_(const T &value, typename std::enable_if<!is_ndarray<T>::value,int>::type = 0)``
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:117
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-object_-0>`
   * - ``object\_(const NDArray<T>&arr)``
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:127
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-object_-1>`
   * - ``object\_(const object\_ &other)``
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:136
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-object_-2>`
   * - ``noexcept object\_(object\_ &&other)``
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:185
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-object_-3>`

Operators
---------

.. list-table::
   :widths: 40 25 15 20
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Return Type
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``object\_ & operator=(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_ &
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:159
     - 
   * - ``object\_ & noexcept operator=(object\_ &&other)``
     - object\_ & noexcept
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:214
     - 
   * - ``bool operator<(const object\_ &other)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:545
     - 
   * - ``bool operator<=(const object\_ &other)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:559
     - 
   * - ``bool operator>(const object\_ &other)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:563
     - 
   * - ``bool operator>=(const object\_ &other)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:567
     - 
   * - ``bool operator==(const object\_ &other)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:572
     - 
   * - ``bool operator!=(const object\_ &other)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:579
     - 
   * - ``object\_ operator+(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:590
     - 
   * - ``object\_ operator-(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:620
     - 
   * - ``object\_ operator\*(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:643
     - 
   * - ``object\_ operator/(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:666
     - 
   * - ``object\_ operator-()``
     - object\_
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:686
     - 
   * - ``object\_ & operator+=(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_ &
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:697
     - 
   * - ``object\_ & operator-=(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_ &
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:702
     - 
   * - ``object\_ & operator\*=(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_ &
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:707
     - 
   * - ``object\_ & operator/=(const object\_ &other)``
     - object\_ &
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:712
     - 

Indexing / Selection
--------------------

.. list-table::
   :widths: 40 20 15 25
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Return Type
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``double getAsDouble()``
     - double
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:719
     - 
   * - ``int64_t getAsInt64()``
     - int64_t
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:737
     - 
   * - ``T \* get_as()``
     - T \*
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:493
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-get_as-4>`
   * - ``const T \* get_as()``
     - const T \*
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:499
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-get_as-5>`

Math Operations
---------------

.. list-table::
   :widths: 40 20 15 25
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Return Type
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``object\_ abs()``
     - object\_
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:691
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-abs-6>`

I/O
---

.. list-table::
   :widths: 40 20 15 25
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Return Type
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``std::string to_string()``
     - std::string
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:539
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-to_string-7>`

Type Checking
-------------

.. list-table::
   :widths: 40 20 15 25
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Return Type
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``bool is_array()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:506
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_array-8>`
   * - ``bool is_floating()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:586
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_floating-9>`
   * - ``bool is_hashable()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:523
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_hashable-10>`
   * - ``bool is_integral()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:585
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_integral-11>`
   * - ``bool is_null()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:513
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_null-12>`
   * - ``bool is_numeric()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:584
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_numeric-13>`
   * - ``bool is_sortable()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:534
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_sortable-14>`
   * - ``bool is_string()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:587
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_string-15>`
   * - ``bool is_type()``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:487
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-is_type-16>`

Other Methods
-------------

.. list-table::
   :widths: 40 20 15 25
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Signature
     - Return Type
     - Location
     - Example
   * - ``size_t hash()``
     - size_t
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:528
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-hash-17>`
   * - ``bool incrementIndices(std::vector<size_t>&indices, const std::vector<size_t>&shape)``
     - bool
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:475
     - :ref:`View <example-object_-incrementindices-18>`
   * - ``void setupArrayFunctions()``
     - void
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:411
     - 
   * - ``void setupFunctions()``
     - void
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:246
     - 
   * - ``std::string type_name()``
     - std::string
     - NP_OBJECT_HOLDER.H:518
     - 


Code Examples
-------------

The following examples are extracted from the test suite.

.. _example-object_-object_-0:

.. dropdown:: object_ (np_test_1_all.cpp:1469)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1459
      :emphasize-lines: 11

              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test move constructor
          object_ moved(std::move(object_(100)));
          if (!(!moved.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!moved.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(moved.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(moved.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }

.. _example-object_-object_-1:

.. dropdown:: object_ (np_test_1_all.cpp:1469)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1459
      :emphasize-lines: 11

              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test move constructor
          object_ moved(std::move(object_(100)));
          if (!(!moved.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!moved.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(moved.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(moved.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }

.. _example-object_-object_-2:

.. dropdown:: object_ (np_test_1_all.cpp:1469)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1459
      :emphasize-lines: 11

              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test move constructor
          object_ moved(std::move(object_(100)));
          if (!(!moved.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!moved.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(moved.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(moved.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }

.. _example-object_-object_-3:

.. dropdown:: object_ (np_test_1_all.cpp:1469)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1459
      :emphasize-lines: 11

              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*assigned.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test move constructor
          object_ moved(std::move(object_(100)));
          if (!(!moved.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!moved.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(moved.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectCopyAndAssignment():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(moved.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }

.. _example-object_-get_as-4:

.. dropdown:: get_as (np_test_1_all.cpp:1363)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1353
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          if (!(!int_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!int_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(int_obj.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(int_obj.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*int_obj.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*int_obj.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test string construction
          object_ str_obj(std::string("hello"));
          if (!(!str_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!str_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;

.. _example-object_-get_as-5:

.. dropdown:: get_as (np_test_1_all.cpp:1363)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1353
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          if (!(!int_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!int_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(int_obj.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(int_obj.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*int_obj.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*int_obj.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test string construction
          object_ str_obj(std::string("hello"));
          if (!(!str_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!str_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;

.. _example-object_-abs-6:

.. dropdown:: abs (np_test_1_all.cpp:101)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 91
      :emphasize-lines: 11

              if (arr.getShape().size() == 1 && arr.getShape()[0] <= 10) {
                  for (size_t i = 0; i < arr.getShape()[0]; ++i) {
                      // std::cout << static_cast<int64_t>(arr.getElementAt({i})) << " ";
                  }
              }
              // std::cout << std::endl;
          }
      
          // Helper function for core array extensions tests
          bool isApproxEqualExt(double a, double b, double tolerance = 1e-10) {
              return std::abs(a - b) < tolerance;
          }
      }
      
      void f_nothing() {
          // This function does nothing and tests nothing
          // It's a placeholder test function
      }
      
      // ------ merging np_test_advanced_indexing.cpp -- number of functions merged=16 --------------------------------
      

.. _example-object_-to_string-7:

.. dropdown:: to_string (np_test_1_all.cpp:454)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 444
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          // Modify through different views
          view1.setElementAt({0, 0}, 100);
          view2.setElementAt({2, 1}, 200);  // This is (1, 2) in original
          view3.setElementAt({0, 0}, 300);  // This is (1, 1) in original
      
          // std::cout << "After modifications through multiple views:" << std::endl;
          //original.printArray();
      
          // Verify all changes are reflected
          if (!(original.getElementAt({0, 0}) == 100)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testAdvancedViewLifecycle():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(original.getElementAt({0, 0}) == 100)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(original.getElementAt({1, 2}) == 200)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testAdvancedViewLifecycle():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(original.getElementAt({1, 2}) == 200)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(original.getElementAt({1, 1}) == 300)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testAdvancedViewLifecycle():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(original.getElementAt({1, 1}) == 300)";

.. _example-object_-is_array-8:

.. dropdown:: is_array (np_test_1_all.cpp:1395)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1385
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          }
      
          // Test NDArray construction
          NDArray<double> arr({2, 2}, 3.14);
          object_ arr_obj(arr);
          if (!(!arr_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!arr_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(arr_obj.is_array())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(arr_obj.is_array())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(arr_obj.is_type<NDArray<double>>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(arr_obj.is_type<NDArray<double>>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      

.. _example-object_-is_floating-9:

.. dropdown:: is_floating (np_test_3_all.cpp:21656)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 21646
      :emphasize-lines: 11

      
          CHECK(int_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should be numeric");
          CHECK(dbl_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should be numeric");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be numeric");
          CHECK(!null_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "null should not be numeric");
      
          CHECK(int_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should be integral");
          CHECK(!dbl_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should not be integral");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be integral");
      
          CHECK(!int_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should not be floating");
          CHECK(dbl_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should be floating");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be floating");
      
          CHECK(!int_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should not be string");
          CHECK(!dbl_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should not be string");
          CHECK(str_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should be string");
      
          std::cout << " -> tests passed" << std::endl;
      }
      

.. _example-object_-is_hashable-10:

.. dropdown:: is_hashable (np_test_3_all.cpp:21836)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 21826
      :emphasize-lines: 11

      }
      
      void np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare() {
          std::cout << "========= object_ hash and comparison ====" ;
      
          numpy::object_ a(10);
          numpy::object_ b(20);
          numpy::object_ c(10);
      
          // Hashable check
          CHECK(a.is_hashable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a is_hashable failed");
          CHECK(b.is_hashable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b is_hashable failed");
      
          // Hash values
          CHECK(a.hash() == c.hash(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "hash equality failed");
          CHECK(a.hash() != b.hash(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "hash inequality failed");
      
          // Sortable check
          CHECK(a.is_sortable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a is_sortable failed");
          CHECK(b.is_sortable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b is_sortable failed");
      

.. _example-object_-is_integral-11:

.. dropdown:: is_integral (np_test_3_all.cpp:21652)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 21642
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          numpy::object_ int_obj(5);
          numpy::object_ dbl_obj(3.14);
          numpy::object_ str_obj(std::string("hello"));
          numpy::object_ null_obj;
      
          CHECK(int_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should be numeric");
          CHECK(dbl_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should be numeric");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be numeric");
          CHECK(!null_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "null should not be numeric");
      
          CHECK(int_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should be integral");
          CHECK(!dbl_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should not be integral");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be integral");
      
          CHECK(!int_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should not be floating");
          CHECK(dbl_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should be floating");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be floating");
      
          CHECK(!int_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should not be string");
          CHECK(!dbl_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should not be string");
          CHECK(str_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should be string");

.. _example-object_-is_null-12:

.. dropdown:: is_null (np_test_1_all.cpp:1345)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1335
      :emphasize-lines: 11

      
          std::cout << " -> tests passed" << std::endl;
      }
      
      // Object array test functions
      void testObjectConstruction() {
          std::cout << "========= testObjectConstruction =======================";
      
          // Test default constructor
          object_ empty_obj;
          if (!(empty_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(empty_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test primitive type construction
          object_ int_obj(42);
          if (!(!int_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!int_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;

.. _example-object_-is_numeric-13:

.. dropdown:: is_numeric (np_test_1_all.cpp:7511)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 7501
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          std::cout << " -> tests passed" << std::endl;
      }
      
      void testNumericConversionStringTypes() {
          std::cout << "========= testNumericStringOperationsStringTypes =======================";
      
          str32 num_str1("123.45");
          str32 num_str2("67.89");
          str32 not_num("hello");
      
          // std::cout << "String '" << num_str1 << "' is numeric: " << is_numeric(num_str1) << std::endl;
          // std::cout << "String '" << not_num << "' is numeric: " << is_numeric(not_num) << std::endl;
      
          if (is_numeric(num_str1)) {
              double val1 = to_numeric(num_str1);
              // std::cout << "Numeric value of '" << num_str1 << "': " << val1 << std::endl;
          }
      
          if (is_numeric(num_str2)) {
              double val2 = to_numeric(num_str2);
              // std::cout << "Numeric value of '" << num_str2 << "': " << val2 << std::endl;

.. _example-object_-is_sortable-14:

.. dropdown:: is_sortable (np_test_3_all.cpp:21844)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 21834
      :emphasize-lines: 11

      
          // Hashable check
          CHECK(a.is_hashable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a is_hashable failed");
          CHECK(b.is_hashable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b is_hashable failed");
      
          // Hash values
          CHECK(a.hash() == c.hash(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "hash equality failed");
          CHECK(a.hash() != b.hash(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "hash inequality failed");
      
          // Sortable check
          CHECK(a.is_sortable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a is_sortable failed");
          CHECK(b.is_sortable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b is_sortable failed");
      
          // Comparison
          CHECK(a < b, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a < b failed");
          CHECK(b > a, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b > a failed");
          CHECK(a == c, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a == c failed");
          CHECK(a != b, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a != b failed");
      
          std::cout << " -> tests passed" << std::endl;
      }

.. _example-object_-is_string-15:

.. dropdown:: is_string (np_test_3_all.cpp:21660)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 21650
      :emphasize-lines: 11

          CHECK(!null_obj.is_numeric(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "null should not be numeric");
      
          CHECK(int_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should be integral");
          CHECK(!dbl_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should not be integral");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_integral(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be integral");
      
          CHECK(!int_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should not be floating");
          CHECK(dbl_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should be floating");
          CHECK(!str_obj.is_floating(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should not be floating");
      
          CHECK(!int_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "int should not be string");
          CHECK(!dbl_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "dbl should not be string");
          CHECK(str_obj.is_string(), "np_test_object_arith_type_queries", "str should be string");
      
          std::cout << " -> tests passed" << std::endl;
      }
      
      void np_test_object_arith_promote_helper() {
          std::cout << "========= promoteType helper ====" ;
      
          numpy::object_ int_obj(5);

.. _example-object_-is_type-16:

.. dropdown:: is_type (np_test_1_all.cpp:1358)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 1348
      :emphasize-lines: 11

              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      
          // Test primitive type construction
          object_ int_obj(42);
          if (!(!int_obj.is_null())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(!int_obj.is_null())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(int_obj.is_type<int>())) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(int_obj.is_type<int>())";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
          if (!(*int_obj.get_as<int>() == 42)) {
              std::string description = std::string("testObjectConstruction():") + __FILE__ + ":" + std::to_string(__LINE__) + ": !(*int_obj.get_as<int>() == 42)";
              std::cout << std::string("[FAIL] ") + description << std::endl;
              throw std::runtime_error(description);
          }
      

.. _example-object_-hash-17:

.. dropdown:: hash (np_test_3_all.cpp:21840)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 21830
      :emphasize-lines: 11

      
          numpy::object_ a(10);
          numpy::object_ b(20);
          numpy::object_ c(10);
      
          // Hashable check
          CHECK(a.is_hashable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a is_hashable failed");
          CHECK(b.is_hashable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b is_hashable failed");
      
          // Hash values
          CHECK(a.hash() == c.hash(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "hash equality failed");
          CHECK(a.hash() != b.hash(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "hash inequality failed");
      
          // Sortable check
          CHECK(a.is_sortable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a is_sortable failed");
          CHECK(b.is_sortable(), "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b is_sortable failed");
      
          // Comparison
          CHECK(a < b, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a < b failed");
          CHECK(b > a, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "b > a failed");
          CHECK(a == c, "np_test_object_mixed_hash_compare", "a == c failed");

.. _example-object_-incrementindices-18:

.. dropdown:: incrementIndices (np_test_1_all.cpp:52)
   :class-title: example-dropdown

   .. code-block:: cpp
      :linenos:
      :lineno-start: 42
      :emphasize-lines: 11

      // Helper functions for array comparison tests
      namespace {
          const double TOLERANCE = 1e-10;
      
          bool allTrue(const NDArray<bool>& arr) {
              std::vector<size_t> indices(arr.getShape().size(), 0);
              do {
                  if (!arr.getElementAt(indices)) {
                      return false;
                  }
              } while (incrementIndices(indices, arr.getShape()));
              return true;
          }
      
          bool allFalse(const NDArray<bool>& arr) {
              std::vector<size_t> indices(arr.getShape().size(), 0);
              do {
                  if (arr.getElementAt(indices)) {
                      return false;
                  }
              } while (incrementIndices(indices, arr.getShape()));